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1.
Jeff Kanipe 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,227(1-2):109-118
Is the big bang model of the universe ascendant and unshakable, or declining and outdated? This paper cursorily explores the state of cosmology today. 相似文献
2.
G. Djurašević P. Rovithis H. Rovithis-Livaniou E. Fragoulopoulou 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2005,296(1-4):311-314
BV light curves of the eclipsing binary UV Leo obtained at the Kryonerion Astronomical Station of the National Observatory of
Athens, Greece, are analyzed. The analysis is based on a Roche configuration with two spots on the secondary surface. The
elements of the two components of the system are calculated and the spot characteristics are given. 相似文献
3.
We study the fundamental modes of radiation hydrodynamic linear waves that arise from one-dimensional small-amplitude initial fluctuations with wave number k in a radiating and scattering grey medium by taking into account the gravitational effects. The equation of radiative acoustics is derived from three hydrodynamic equations, Poisson’s equation, and two moment equations of radiation, by assuming a spherical symmetry for the matter and radiation and by using the Eddington approximation. We solve the dispersion relation as a quintic function of angular frequency ω, the wave number k being a real parameter. Numerical results reveal that wave patterns of five solutions are distinguished into three types: the radiation-dominated, type 1, and type 2 matter-dominated cases. In the case of no gravitaional effects (Kaneko et al., 2005), the following wave modes appear: radiation wave, conservative radiation wave, entropy wave, Newtonian-cooling wave, opacity-damped and cooling-damped waves, constant-volume and constant-pressure diffusions, adiabatic sound wave, cooling-damped and drag-force-damped isothermal sound waves, isentropic radiation-acoustic wave, and gap mode. Meanwhile, the gravitaional effects being taken into account, the growing gravo-diffusion mode newly arises from the constant-pressure diffusion at the point that k agrees with Jeans’ wave number specified by the isothermal sound speed. This mode changes to the growing radiation-acoustic gravity mode near the point that k becomes Jeans’ wave number specified by the isentropic radiation-acoustic speed. In step with a transition between them, the isentropic radiation-acoustic wave splits into the damping radiation-acoustic gravity mode and constant-volume diffusion. The constant-volume diffusion emerges twice if the gravitational effects are taken into account. Since analytic solutions are derived for all wave modes, we discuss their physical significance. The critical conditions are given which distinguish between radiation-dominated and type 1 matter-dominated cases, and between type 1 and type 2 matter-dominated cases. Waves in a self-gravitating scattering grey medium are also analyzed, which provides us some hints for the effects of energy and momentum exchange between matter and radiation. 相似文献
4.
Natural radioactivity in sediment of Wei River,China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The concentrations of natural radionuclides in sediment of Wei River of China were measured using γ-ray spectrometry with
the aim of estimating the radiation hazard as establishing a database for radioactivity levels of river sediment of China.
The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in sediment samples ranged from 10.4 to 39.9 Bq kg−1, 15.3 to 54.8 Bq kg−1 and 514.8 to 1,175.5 Bq kg−1, respectively. The concentrations of these radionuclides were compared with the typical world values and the average activities
of Chinese soil and Shaanxi soil. Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (H
ex) and representative level index (I
γr) were calculated for the samples to assess the radiation hazards arising due to the use of these sediment samples in the
construction of dwellings. All the sediment samples have Raeq lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1, H
ex less than unity and I
γr close to 1 Bq kg−1. The overall mean outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate is 64.8 nGy h−1 and the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose is 0.079 mSv. None of the studied location is considered a radiological
risk and sediment can be safely used in construction. 相似文献
5.
Gamma activity from the naturally occurring radionuclides namely, 226Ra, 232Th, the primordial radionuclide 40K was measured in the soil of Cuihua Mountain National Geological Park, China using γ-ray spectrometry technique. The mean
activity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were found to be 27.2 ± 6.5, 43.9 ± 6.2 and 653.1 ± 127.6 Bq kg−1, respectively. The concentrations of these radionuclides were compared with the typical world values and the average activities
of Chinese soil. The radium equivalent activity, the air absorbed dose rate, the annual effective dose rate, and the external
hazard index were evaluated and compared with the internationally approved values. All the soil samples have Raeq lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg−1 and H
ex less than unity. The overall mean outdoor terrestrial gamma dose rate is 66.3 nGy h−1 and the corresponding outdoor annual effective dose is 0.081 mSv. 相似文献
6.
青岛地区太阳紫外线辐射研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
通过对青岛地区2004年全年紫外线观测数据的分析,在预设局地纬度、海拔高度、大气中臭氧量及其分布、空气质量状况、地表反照率等因素基本不变的情况下,总结了青岛地区紫外辐射随与太阳天顶角相关的不同季节和时段、天气状况(云况)的统计性变化规律,以服务于该地区人们日常生活中对紫外线的防护,尤其是为调光生态膜的研制及改善提供参考。 相似文献
7.
Martin Hassellv 《Marine Chemistry》2005,94(1-4):111
A new method for the characterization of chromophoric colloidal organic matter in seawater has been applied to samples from the Baltic Sea, Kattegatt and Skagerrak seas. Size fractionation of the sample by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation and measurement of the fluorescent and UV absorbing properties of the individual size fractions result in a relative molar mass distribution (RMM) of the optical properties. The RMM distributions have been used to estimate number and weight average relative molar masses, and polydispersity indices. At least two sources of coloured organic matter were identified from the ratio of fluorescence to UV: the Baltic surface water and the Skagerrak deep water. The dominating processes were mixing and dilution, but processes such as photo bleaching of fluorescence are also believed to be important. The RMM distribution derived from UV detection (1150–1300 Dalton) increased with increasing salinity while that derived for fluorescence (1500–1250 Dalton) decreased with increasing salinity. The specific UV absorbance taken as a proxy of the aromaticity of the chromophoric organic material showed decreasing trend with both increasing salinity and increasing UV derived weight average relative molar mass. Increasing polydispersity of the colloidal material was also observed as a function of salinity. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Elia M. Leibowitz 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1995,228(1-2):367-372
TAUVEX - Tel Aviv University UV Explorer is a space telescope that is currently being built in Israel, to be flown on board the Russian international sattelite SRG - Spectrum Roentgen Gamma, in late 1995 or early 1996. TAUVEX is an imager in the near UV spectral window. Its major goal is to make a survey of about 10% of the UV sky, in the range = 1350 - 3500Å. A successful operation of TAUVEX will partially fill an important gap in our recognition of the sky, namely the distribution and the nature of the celestial UV sources, which are still mostly unknown. TAUVEX will also operate as a fast multicolor photometer in its UV range of operation. TAUVEX is aligned in parallel to the common optical axix of all the other instruments on board SRG, most of which are telescopes and monitors for high energy radiation. SRG will be thus able to perform for the first time in history simultaneous astronomical observations in one and the same celestial body, that cover together 7 order of magnitude of the recorded radiation. The observations of TAUVEX can be greatly enhanced by ground base observations. 相似文献